Built without venture capital.

296companies, each with its funding basis and public sources

European businesses that grew on their own revenue: bootstrapped founders, families that still run the firm, employee-owned companies, foundation-held groups. The index records what they sell, how they financed it, and where that is stated in public. Companies that were later acquired are kept apart.

FinancingCustomers, not rounds.Founder money, retained earnings, loans and grants qualify. Priced venture rounds do not.
EvidenceEvery entry sourced.An about page, a founder interview or credible press states the funding basis. In doubt, left out.
IndependenceStill their own.Companies sold to a majority owner leave the index and are listed apart, with acquirer and year.